In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide

• Aleksandrs Dutovs,
• Raimonds Popļausks,
• Oskars Putāns,
• Vladislavs Perkanuks,
• Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Uldis Malinovskis,
• Iryna Olyshevets,
• Donats Erts and
• Juris Prikulis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 126–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.12

• ] and optical sensors [4][5], require precise control of PAAO layer thickness in the optical sub-wavelength range. Among other examples, by tuning the thickness of PAAO between 200 and 600 nm, it becomes possible to selectively enhance or suppress photoluminescence (PL) bands originating from defects in

• Innovation Program under TRANSLATE project (Grant agreement: 964251). A. J. acknowledges support from European Regional Development Fund for postdoctoral project ”Patterned hybrid multilayer films for optical sensors” (no. 1.1.1.2/VIAA/4/20/615). (a) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrograph showing top

A visible-light photodetector based on heterojunctions between CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods

• Doan Nhat Giang,
• Nhat Minh Nguyen,
• Duc Anh Ngo,
• Thanh Trang Tran,
• Le Thai Duy,
• Cong Khanh Tran,
• Thi Thanh Van Tran,
• Phan Phuong Ha La and
• Vinh Quang Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.84

• photodetectors (PDs) to “Industry 4.0”, which may include image sensors, biomedical imaging, manufacturing process control, environmental sensing, and optical sensors [8]. Various materials for photodetectors have been developed. Photodetectors can be classified into two main categories, namely PDs that work at

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• (miniaturised) with the potential for low-cost manufacturing. Optical sensing: fluorescent sensors Optical sensors are light-based analytical devices based on the alteration in the measurement of light wavelengths following the interaction of the analyte with the molecular recognition element (Figure 5

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• tunability of optothermal properties and enhanced stability, these nanostructures show a wide range of applications in optical sensors, steam generation, water desalination, thermal energy storage, and biomedical applications such as photothermal (PT) therapy. The PT effect, that is, the conversion of

Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• range of uses such as antibacterial and antimicrobial agents, healthcare-related products, medical device coatings, anticancer agents, optical sensors, anti-inflammatory agents, biocatalysts, cosmetics, and biosensors [41][42][43][44][45]. The combination of polymer-coated metal nanoparticles

Double-layer symmetric gratings with bound states in the continuum for dual-band high-Q optical sensing

• Chaoying Shi,
• Jinhua Hu,
• Xiuhong Liu,
• Junfang Liang,
• Jijun Zhao,
• Haiyan Han and
• Qiaofen Zhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1408–1417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.116

• optical field; nonlinear optics; optical sensing; Introduction High quality (Q) factor resonance in nanophotonics has attracted considerable attention in the past decades due to its wide applications in narrow-band filters [1], nonlinear optics [2], optical sensors [3] and lasers [4]. To date, most

Laser-processed antiadhesive bionic combs for handling nanofibers inspired by nanostructures on the legs of cribellate spiders

• Sebastian Lifka,
• Kristóf Harsányi,
• Erich Baumgartner,
• Lukas Pichler,
• Dariya Baiko,
• Karsten Wasmuth,
• Johannes Heitz,
• Marco Meyer,
• Anna-Christin Joel,
• Jörn Bonse and
• Werner Baumgartner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1268–1283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.105

• .13.105 Abstract Nanofibers are drawing the attention of engineers and scientists because their large surface-to-volume ratio is favorable for applications in medicine, filter technology, textile industry, lithium-air batteries, and optical sensors. However, when transferring nanofibers to a technical

• applications in medicine, filter technology, textile industry, lithium-air batteries, and optical sensors [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. The inherently small scale makes production as well as further processing of nanofibers challenging [8]. For the technical production of artificial nanofibers, different methods such

A cantilever-based, ultrahigh-vacuum, low-temperature scanning probe instrument for multidimensional scanning force microscopy

• Hao Liu,
• Zuned Ahmed,
• Sasa Vranjkovic,
• Manfred Parschau,
• Andrada-Oana Mandru and
• Hans J. Hug

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1120–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.95

• oscillation amplitude, without the need of a complicated calibration [43][44][45]. Fiber-optical sensors can obtain sensitivities up to about 1 fm/ using Fabry–Pérot interferometry [46][47]. To date, however, we only implemented a simpler form of the interferometer composed of a cleaved and uncoated fiber end

• again limited by detector noise for bandwidths above 50 Hz. The noise of the deflection sensor employed here is clearly relevant for measurements performed at higher bandwidths at low temperatures for all types of cantilevers. The best interferometer optical sensors have been reported to reach

Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly

• Lingling Xia,
• Qinyue Wang and
• Ming Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67

• color of the assembled superstructure, making optical sensors possible [132][133]. To realize more possibilities of controlling the assembled superstructures, several strategies have been employed. Changing the interparticle interactions through molecular modification is one of the most employed

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• fluorescence (SEF), these techniques have shown huge potential for applications in biomedicine, biotechnology, and optical sensors. Both methods rely on the high electromagnetic fields created at locations on the surface of plasmonic metal nanoparticles, depending on the geometry of the nanoparticles, their

• as SEF, SERS [16][17], infrared absorption, and even second harmonic generation [18], which can improve the performance of optical sensors and optoelectronic devices. ZnO alone and in combination with noble metals has been recently used for the development of SERS substrates [15][19] due to several

A set of empirical equations describing the observed colours of metal–anodic aluminium oxide–Al nanostructures

• Cristina V. Manzano,
• Jakob J. Schwiedrzik,
• Gerhard Bürki,
• Laszlo Pethö,
• Johann Michler and
• Laetitia Philippe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 798–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.64

• thickness and porosity of the nanostructures was determined, which describes a gamut of colours. The proposed mathematical model can be applied in different fields, such as wavelength absorbers, RGB (red, green, blue) display devices, as well as chemical or optical sensors. Keywords: anodic aluminium oxide

• [4]. In particular, metal–AAO–Al nanostructures exhibit structural colours that can find applications as wavelength absorbers [5], in RGB display devices [6], and as chemical [7] or optical sensors [8]. It is essential to develop a model that allows for the determination of the colours (RGB or Yxy

• , as well as chemical or optical sensors. Experimental Fabrication of the AAO films Highly ordered anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) films were fabricated using a two-step anodization process [20][21][22] under the same conditions that were reported in previous manuscripts of our group [4][18]. The

Commercial polycarbonate track-etched membranes as substrates for low-cost optical sensors

• Paula Martínez-Pérez and
• Jaime García-Rupérez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 677–683, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.67

• Paula Martinez-Perez Jaime Garcia-Ruperez Nanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain 10.3762/bjnano.10.67 Abstract Porous materials have become one of the best options for the development of optical sensors, since they maximize

• type, sensors can be classified into several categories. Among all of them, optical sensors stand out because they exhibit a high sensitivity, the capability of multiplexing and direct real-time detection, miniaturization possibilities, immunity to electromagnetic interference and cost-effectiveness [1

• ]. Additionally, by proper functionalization, label-free and specific detection can be achieved [2][3][4]. Optical sensors whose working principle is based on the detection of changes in the refractive index (RI) are the most widely used ones. Among them, those that base the sensing process on the interaction of

Magnetic-field sensor with self-reference characteristic based on a magnetic fluid and independent plasmonic dual resonances

• Kun Ren,
• Xiaobin Ren,
• Yumeng He and
• Qun Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 247–255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.23

• the change of environmental conditions are one of the most important devices in optical communication. Optical sensors are obtained by monitoring the change of optical properties based on, e.g., thermo-optic, electro-optic, and magneto-optic effects. In the area of magnetic-field sensors, magnetic

• , such as tunable optical filters [7], optical switches [8], modulators [9] and optical sensors [10]. In particular, optical-fiber magnetic sensors have been developed by combining MFs with optical-fiber technology [11][12][13][14][15]. Optical-fiber magnetic-field sensors have the advantages of easy

Electrospun one-dimensional nanostructures: a new horizon for gas sensing materials

• Muhammad Imran,
• Nunzio Motta and
• Mahnaz Shafiei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2128–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.202

• benefits and limitations for every approach. Keywords: 1D nanostructures; conductometric devices; electrospinning; gas sensors; optical sensors; resonators; Review 1 Introduction The monitoring and control of air pollutants, toxic gases and explosives has become increasingly important for human wellness

• the development of the gas sensors employing electrospun nanofibers have been published. Recently, Choi et al. [43] reported a review on chemiresistive and optical sensors employing only semiconducting metal oxides and their functionalization by catalytic nanoparticles. Herein, we will comprehensively

Cathodoluminescence as a probe of the optical properties of resonant apertures in a metallic film

• Kalpana Singh,
• Evgeniy Panchenko,
• Babak Nasr,
• Amelia Liu,
• Lukas Wesemann,
• Timothy J. Davis and
• Ann Roberts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1491–1500, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.140

• other optical methods. These modes are of intrinsic interest, however, and have also attracted attention due to their relatively high quality factor and long lifetimes that may underpin new optical sensors with a higher sensitivity and figure-of-merit than devices utilising “bright” dipole modes [35

Surface-enhanced infrared absorption studies towards a new optical biosensor

• Lothar Leidner,
• Julia Stäb,
• Jennifer T. Adam and
• Günter Gauglitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1736–1742, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.166

• without the use of labels. They lack the disadvantages of fluorescence technologies such as photodegradation, loss of bioactivity or costs of labeling. An early overview in the field of direct optical sensors, including optical principles and assay formats for selective detection, is given in [3] and

• updated in [4]. Besides sensitivity, stability, and reversibility, selectivity is a vital requirement of a biosensor, which is the main issue of direct optical method: it is not selective as a matter of principle. Optical sensors monitor the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. In many

• optical sensors, if not most cases, a change of the refractive index is observed. In order to be selective to the analyte, but insensitive to unspecific binding, the sensor surface is covered by a biolayer which must guarantee both selectivity and sensitivity for the analyte under consideration. There are

Hydrophilic silver nanoparticles with tunable optical properties: application for the detection of heavy metals in water

• Paolo Prosposito,
• Federico Mochi,
• Erica Ciotta,
• Mauro Casalboni,
• Fabio De Matteis,
• Iole Venditti,
• Laura Fontana,
• Giovanna Testa and
• Ilaria Fratoddi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1654–1661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.157

• AgNPs show good response to nickel (II) and presented good sensibility properties for the detection of low amount of ions in water in the working range of 1.0–0.1 ppm. Keywords: heavy metal sensor; nickel (II); optical materials; optical sensors; silver nanoparticles; Introduction Nanomaterials have

• characterization of AgNPs stabilized by sodium 3-mercaptopropane sulfonate (AgNP-3MPS). A new preparation was optimized to improve the optical sensing performances based on SPR spectral changes. The AgNP-3MPS nanoparticles have been tested as optical sensors in water solution towards different metal ions at

Localized surface plasmons in structures with linear Au nanoantennas on a SiO₂/Si surface

• Ilya A. Milekhin,
• Sergei A. Kuznetsov,
• Ekaterina E. Rodyakina,
• Alexander G. Milekhin,
• Alexander V. Latyshev and
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1519–1526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.145

• structures. Linear nanoantennas are commonly used in optical sensors due to relative simplicity of their fabrication [5][6][7][8][9]. At the same time, as compared to alternative nanoantenna geometries, the linear nanoantennas are highly demanded in sensing as they provide maximal local field amplification

Chemiresistive/SERS dual sensor based on densely packed gold nanoparticles

• Sanda Boca,
• Cosmin Leordean,
• Simion Astilean and
• Cosmin Farcau

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2498–2503, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.259

• demonstrated by the detection of a biologically relevant model analyte, 4-mercaptophenyl boronic acid. Keywords: colloidal nanoparticles; convective self-assembly; interparticle gaps; surface enhanced Raman scattering; chemiresistor; Introduction The development of optical sensors is still following an

• type of optical sensor must be able to identify and quantify the investigated analyte, ideally by the use of a low-cost chip made by simple manufacturing procedures. Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) demonstrated repeatedly their effectiveness as transducing elements in optical sensors based on surface

• thus combine unique advantages of both electric and optical sensors. Colloidal gold nanoparticles as building blocks A request for a good control of the NP assembling process is represented by the chemical stability of the used colloid. We observed that by increasing the concentration of the colloid

In situ SU-8 silver nanocomposites

• Søren V. Fischer,
• Basil Uthuppu and
• Mogens H. Jakobsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1661–1665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.168

• making high-aspect-ratio structures [8]. SU-8 is good for optical sensors being highly transparent in the visible region [9] and also useful in biological sensing applications being quite biocompatible [10]. SU-8 is also well suited for direct laser writing and 3D structuring [11] although only 2D

Improved optical limiting performance of laser-ablation-generated metal nanoparticles due to silica-microsphere-induced local field enhancement

• Zheren Du,
• Lianwei Chen,
• Tsung-Sheng Kao,
• Mengxue Wu and
• Minghui Hong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1199–1204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.122

• University, 1001 Ta hsueh Rd., Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan 10.3762/bjnano.6.122 Abstract For practical application, optical limiting materials must exhibit a fast response and a low threshold in order to be used for the protection of the human eye and electro-optical sensors against intense light. Many

Evolution of microstructure and related optical properties of ZnO grown by atomic layer deposition

• Adib Abou Chaaya,
• Roman Viter,
• Mikhael Bechelany,
• Zanda Alute,
• Donats Erts,
• Anastasiya Zalesskaya,
• Kristaps Kovalevskis,
• Vincent Rouessac,
• Valentyn Smyntyna and
• Philippe Miele

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 690–698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.78

• ultrathin ZnO films in optical sensors and biosensors. Keywords: atomic layer deposition; optical properties; photoluminescence; thin films; ZnO; Introduction Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an n-type semiconductor and a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) with excellent optoelectronic properties, a wide band gap

Plasmonics-based detection of H₂ and CO: discrimination between reducing gases facilitated by material control

• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam,
• Nicholas A. Joy,
• Benjamin Grisafe and
• Michael A. Carpenter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 712–721, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.81

• , for example, is around 1150 K and decreases with decreasing particle size [7]). There have been studies investigating the use of catalytically active gold or silver nanoparticles as optical sensors [8][9][10][11][12], along with theoretical models of the sensing response [13] and calculations of the

Assessing the plasmonics of gold nano-triangles with higher order laser modes

• Laura E. Hennemann,
• Andreas Kolloch,
• Andreas Kern,
• Josip Mihaljevic,
• Johannes Boneberg,
• Paul Leiderer,
• Alfred J. Meixner and
• Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 674–683, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.77

• molecules, no Raman peak is observable from a smooth gold thin film on which no Fischer patterns are present (Supporting Information File 1). Our results indicate that Fischer patterns can be used as effective SERS substrates for optical sensors based on the plasmonic near-field enhancing effect. Conclusion

Nanophotonics, nano-optics and nanospectroscopy

• Alfred J. Meixner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 499–500, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.53

• applications can be imagined, e.g., in materials sciences in the pursuit of efficient photovoltaic energy conversion; in the engineering sciences as quantum devices functioning as switches that truly operate at the quantum limit with single photons; or in the life sciences as local optical sensors to observe